Society
Since my temperament draws me to groupware, I have read about and taught it, and tried many groupware programs. This has been interesting, but the only groupware that has really affected my work is electronic mail on wide-area networks. My “invisible college,” my colleagues, are not the people in the offices down the corridor, they are people on the Internet, many of whom I have never seen or spoken with.
Electronic social fields in bureaucracies
Advanced computer tools designed to facilitate collaboration in a common task or across functions have had a remarkably disappointing record of diffusion and adoption [16]. Technologies that are unresponsive to users needs will not find their markets. Groupware such as electronic mail, conferencing, and on-line editing, however, has an apparently natural affinity to the team and project work of salaried professional employees.
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