July 2023 - Vol. 66 No. 7

Features

Opinion Departments Jul 1 2023

Revisiting ACM’s Open-Conference Principle

I would like to see the ACM Presidential Task Force on "Open Science" develop a detailed set of guiding principles for conference-site selection. Principles, however, must be translated to concrete decisions in the context of a messy reality.

Moshe Y. Vardi

Computing Profession

Careers Career Paths in Computing Jul 1 2023

From UX to Product: An Intentional Career Route

My mother, a stroke-sufferer since her early 20s, is challenged both physically and cognitively. Thus, I was compelled at a young age to study technology and learn how it could improve the lives of everyone — not just the able-bodied.

Hina Elton

Computing Applications

Opinion Letters to the Editor Jul 1 2023

The End Is Not Clear

In his January 2023 Communications Viewpoint, "The End of Programming," Matt Welsh wrote "nobody actually understands how large AI models work." However, already no one person understands existing large computer systems.

CACM Staff

Computing Profession

BLOG@CACM Jul 1 2023

Unleashing the Power of Deep Learning

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Vivienne Sze on how to take greatest advantage of deep learning systems.

Vivienne Sze

Architecture and Hardware

News Jul 1 2023

Accelerating Optical Communications with AI

Communications efficiency helps bring photonics to artificial intelligence.

Chris Edwards

Architecture and Hardware

colored cubes on conveyor platforms, illustration

News Jul 1 2023

The Rise of the Chatbots

How do we keep track of the truth when bots are becoming increasingly skilled liars?

Neil Savage

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

pattern of AI chatbots on displays, illustration

News Jul 1 2023

Outsmarting Deepfake Video

Looking for truth, when "it's becoming surprisingly easy to distort reality."

Gregory Mone

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

image of human in camera eye, illustration

Opinion Legally Speaking Jul 1 2023

Legal Challenges to Generative AI, Part I

Questioning the legality of using in-copyright works for training data and producing outputs derived from copyrighted training data.

Pamela Samuelson

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

hands reaching toward copyright symbol, illustration

Opinion Privacy Jul 1 2023

Learning to Live with Privacy-Preserving Analytics

Seeking to close the gap between research and real-world applications of PPAs.

Alessandro Acquisti and Ryan Steed

Computing Applications

side-by-side fingerprint scans, illustration

Opinion Viewpoint Jul 1 2023

Fragility in AIs Using Artificial Neural Networks

Suggesting ways to reduce fragility in AI systems that include artificial neural networks.

Jeff A. Johnson and Daniel H. Bullock

Architecture and Hardware

line-connected colored dots, illustration

Opinion Viewpoint Jul 1 2023

Lost in Afghanistan: Can the World Take ICT4D Seriously?

Seeking to maximize the value of information and communication technologies for development research.

Tariq Zaman

Computing Applications

hand holds a smartphone showing location icons

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section Jul 1 2023

Welcome

This special section highlighting East Asia and Oceania brings together some of the most innovative research in computer science and technology from this flourishing region.

Flora Salim, Bingsheng He, and Ken-Ichi Kawarabayashi

globe composed of circling photos, illustration

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Big Trends Jul 1 2023

Human-AI Cooperation to Tackle Misinformation and Polarization

We describe a significant emerging trend away from the techno-solutionist approach to problems that seeks to create and understand a new paradigm: a productive interplay between algorithms and people.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

colored blocks hover above mobile devices held by four people, illustration

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Big Trends Jul 1 2023

South Korea’s Nationwide Effort for AI Semiconductor Industry

Recent nationwide efforts taking place in South Korea challenge the emerging AI semiconductor industry.

Ji-Hoon Kim, Sungyeob Yoo, and Joo-Young Kim

Architecture and Hardware

circuit board with a chip marked by the flag of South Korea

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Big Trends Jul 1 2023

Achieving Green AI with Energy-Efficient Deep Learning Using Neuromorphic Computing

A description of the effort to develop an end-to-end neuromorphic computing solution in Singapore, including its four aspects of hardware, middleware, software, and system integration.

Architecture and Hardware

nerve cell on a green, bio background, illustration

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Big Trends Jul 1 2023

Activities of National Institute of Informatics in Japan

The National Institute of Informatics' activities in its research and service missions.

Computing Applications

dot-based map of Japan on concentric rings, illustration

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

Operationalizing Responsible AI at Scale: CSIRO Data61’s Pattern-Oriented Responsible AI Engineering Approach

Identifying five major challenges in operationalizing responsible AI at scale.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

figures constructing robots with various images and shapes, illustration

Practice Jul 1 2023

Opportunity Cost and Missed Chances in Optimizing Cybersecurity

The loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen.

Kelly Shortridge and Josiah Dykstra

Computing Applications

Research and Advances Contributed Articles Jul 1 2023

Data Science–A Systematic Treatment

While the success of early data-science applications is evident, the full impact of data science has yet to be realized.

M. Tamer Özsu

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

concentric circles composed of colored tiles, illustration

Research and Advances Review Articles Jul 1 2023

Theoretical Analysis of Sequencing Bioinformatics Algorithms and Beyond

A case study reveals the theoretical analysis of algorithms is not always as helpful as standard dogma might suggest.

Paul Medvedev

Computing Applications

DNA strands composed of alphanumeric characters, illustration

Research Highlights Jul 1 2023

Technical Perspective: Opening the Door to SSD Algorithmics

The authors of "Offline and Online Algorithms for SSD Management" propose a more accurate theoretical model of flash-based SSDs that views each page as containing either valid data, invalid data, or no data.

Ramesh K. Sitaraman

Computing Applications

Research Highlights Jul 1 2023

Offline and Online Algorithms for SSD Management

We explore the problem of reducing high internal overhead of flash media which is referred to as write amplification from an algorithmic perspective, considering it in both offline and online settings.

Tomer Lange, Joseph (Seffi) Naor, and Gala Yadgar

Computing Applications

field of colorful blocks lessened by white blocks, illustration

Opinion Last Byte Jul 1 2023

Sampling the Goods

Clever sampling for the worst/average case.

Dennis Shasha

Computing Applications

person walking towards three door-shaped blocks of light, illustration

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

Principles and Practices of Real-Time Feature Computing Platforms for ML

The design principles and practices of tackling the challenges of realtime feature computing.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

To Draw Is Human: Toward No-Code Subgraph Search

Low-code or no-code frameworks are the latest disruption in the business world.

Sourav S. Bhowmick and Byron Choi

Computing Applications

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

JIZAI Body: Human-Machine Integration Based on Asian Thought

JIZAI Body allows a person to free their body and mind by controlling their natural body and altered robotic parts.

Masahiko Inami

Computing Applications

JIZAI robotic arms attached to a person's back

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

Challenges in Designing Blockchain for Cyber-Physical Systems

Tackling scalability, trust, and privacy.

Architecture and Hardware

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

Digital Twins and Dependency/Constraint-Aware AI for Digital Manufacturing

Tackling grand challenges via data-driven digital manufacturing.

Dimitrios Georgakopoulos and Prem Prakash Jayaraman

Architecture and Hardware

two pieces of matching equipment, illustration

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

Building and Nurturing AI Development in Vietnam

VinAI Research aims to embrace the challenge of making Vietnam a competitive player on the world stage in cutting-edge AI R&D by laying the groundwork for innovation and growth for the region.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

World map with a magnifying glass encircling Vietnam, illustration

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

DIAS–Earth Environment Data Integration and Analysis System

The DIAS platform manages Earth environmental data to make it available to researchers across a range of fields.

Eiji Ikoma and Masaru Kitsuregawa

Computing Applications

colorful digital landscape, illustration

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

Learning and Evidence Analytics Framework Bridges Research and Practice for Educational Data Science

The LEAF integrated technology framework developed at Kyoto University can be linked to any existing learning management systems in different institutions.

Hiroaki Ogata, Rwitajit Majumdar, and Brendan Flanagan

Computing Applications

male and female students look at a computer display

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

The Future of Blockchain Consensus

The Redbelly path to making blockchain consensus truly scalable.

Vincent Gramoli and Qiang Tang

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

ine-connected green blocks, illustration

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

CLOSET: Data-Driven COI Detection and Management in Peer-Review Venues

CLOSET is a data-driven system designed and developed at Nanyang Technological University for detecting and reporting unreported conflicts of interest and violations in a peer-reviewed venue.

Sourav S. Bhowmick

Computing Applications

geometric shapes and figures on a grid, illustration

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

The Veracity Grand Challenge in Computing: A Perspective from Aotearoa New Zealand

The Veracity Project is investigating challenges related to trust and truth in the context of digital technologies.

Markus Luczak-Roesch, Matthias Galster, and Kevin Shedlock

Computing Applications

silhouetted figure in front of a lighted V on a black background, illustration

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

Fusing Creativity and Innovation in Asia’s Manufacturing Industry

The Kawahara Universal Information Network Project explores the technologies needed for the next generation of the Internet of Things and HCI.

Yoshihiro Kawahara

Architecture and Hardware

connected industrial icons, illustration

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

Co-Designing Personalized Assistive Devices Using Personal Fabrication

Developing assistive technologies and devices in the Asia Pacific region.

Anusha Withana

Computing Applications

head wearing assistive technology, illustration

Research and Advances East Asia and Oceania Region Special Section: Hot Topics Jul 1 2023

MEXT Society 5.0 Realization Research Support Project

Creating innovations to maintain people's health and to improve illness using ICT.

Teruo Higashino, Hidetoshi Kotera, and Yasushi Yagi

Computing Applications

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