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Oct 1 2008

Large Scale Project Team Building: Beyond the Basics

Much has been written in the last few years about the success, or usually, failure of enterprise resource planning (ERP) projects. Many guidelines for success have been given including top management commitment, organizational change management initiatives, and comprehensive process mapping. Although these are all important components of an ERP project, little attention is given to the implementation project team itself.
Computing Applications
Oct 1 2008

Understanding Evolution in Technology Ecosystems

The current environment of information technology can be a complex place for analysts and firms to navigate, especially when making decisions about new product development, technology investment, and technology planning. Many industry analysts recognize that it is difficult, if not impossible, to accurately predict future technological advances.
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Architecture and Hardware
Oct 1 2008

Myths and Paradoxes in Japanese IT Offshoring

Nothing captures Japanese offshoring practices better than the old Japanese proverb "Tap the stone bridge before crossing." As global IT offshoring continues to grow at an astounding pace, the seemingly impenetrable Japanese market baffles many offshore IT vendors. On one hand, Japanese industries are among the most software-intensive, yet they appear reluctant when it comes to offshoring.
Computing Applications
Oct 1 2008

Understanding the Influence of Network Positions and Knowledge Processing Styles

In today's turbulent business environment, an organization's ability to sustain its growth and competitive edge depends on how well it manages its stock of knowledge. Recognizing that knowledge is paramount to the success of the firm, companies are evolving practices to facilitate the creation, acquisition, storage, transfer, and utilization of knowledge assets. Intra-organizational units play a critical role in this process, and it is imperative that organizations understand how the information and knowledge network comprising such units can impact the overall effectiveness of their knowledge management (KM) practices.
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Computing Applications
Oct 1 2008

Governing Diversity in the Digital Ecosystem

The concept of ecosystem is about to be brought into the digital age where, instead of plants and animals, the digital species who roam the landscape include software components, applications, services, business models, contractual frameworks and laws. Along with understanding the nature of habitat and the significance of localisation, diversity is one of the key characteristics of a healthy ecosystem. However, encouraging diversity in the context of technology production brings with it significant challenges, and designing a framework for governance that can balance interests, address technology lock-in and enable the co-existence of diverse software production methods quickly becomes a priority, as participants in the Digital Business Ecosystem project have found.
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Computing Applications
Sep 1 2008

The Student Productivity Paradox: Technology Mediated Learning in Schools

With increasing pressure on educational institutions to enhance learning outcomes and effectiveness, many school administrators and school boards are investing heavily in information and communications technologies (ICT). Of the 51 chief state school officers in the U.S., 48 ranked the “use of technology in instruction” as the second most important issue facing public education in […]
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Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
Sep 1 2008

Understanding User Perspectives on Biometric Technology

Biometric technology, mainly used today in security sensitive organizations like governments and financial institutions, is soon expected to play an increasing role in all aspects of our daily lives. Some reasons for this increase are decreasing costs of the technology and improved technical quality of the systems. Combined with the generally escalated security levels across […]
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Computing Applications
Sep 1 2008

Towards Agility in Design in Global Component-Based Development

The potential benefits of implementing Component-Based Development (CBD) methodologies in a globally distributed environment are many. Lessons from the aeronautics, automotive, electronics and computer hardware industries, in which Component-Based (CB) architectures have been successfully employed for setting up globally distributed design and production activities, have consistently shown that firms have managed to increase the rate […]
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Computing Applications
Sep 1 2008

Using Traceability to Mitigate Cognitive Biases in Software Development

Are Software Developers Affected by Cognitive biases while performing changes to design artifacts? If so, how can we mitigate the impact of such biases on developers’ performance? Despite the criticality of these questions, they have been relatively unexplored in the context of software development. When making changes to software artifacts, developers use heuristics that are […]
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Computing Applications
Sep 1 2008

Following Linguistic Footprints: Automatic Deception Detection in Online Communication

Deception occurs in interpersonal, group, media, and public contexts everyday, driven by various motivations such as punishment avoidance, aggression, wish fulfillment, and even enjoyment. Some deception is of little damage (e.g., white lies), while deception with high stakes can result in devastating consequences to both the victims of the deception and society at large. Unfortunately, […]
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Computing Applications
Sep 1 2008

Using and Fixing Biased Rating Schemes

Eighty-Three Million Americans have bought products online and three million have used the Internet to rate a person, product or service.10 Yet users do not know the level of bias found in the ratings they use. On Web sites offering rating schemes almost anyone visiting the site can enter ratings. There is little protection from […]
Computing Applications
Sep 1 2008

Distributed Selection: A Missing Piece of Data Aggregation

In this article, we study the problem of distributed selection from a theoretical point of view. Given a general connected graph of diameter D consisting of n nodes in which each node holds a numeric element, the goal of a k-selection algorithm is to determine the kth smallest of these elements. We prove that distributed selection indeed requires more work than other aggregation functions such as, e.g., the computation of the average or the maximum of all elements. On the other hand, we show that the kth smallest element can be computed efficiently by providing both a randomized and a deterministic k-selection algorithm, dispelling the misconception that solving distributed selection through in-network aggregation is infeasible.
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Architecture and Hardware
Sep 1 2008

TxLinux and MetaTM: Transactional Memory and the Operating System

TxLinux is the first operating system to use hardware transactional memory (HTM) as a synchronization primitive, and the first to manage HTM in the scheduler. TxLinux, a modification of Linux, is the first real-scale benchmark for transactional memory.
Architecture and Hardware
Sep 1 2008

Technical Perspective: Distributing Your Data and Having It, Too

Interconnected Systems—the Internet, wireless networks, or sensor nets—embrace virtually all computing environments. Thus our data no longer needs to be stored, nicely organized, in centralized databases; it may instead span a great many heterogeneous locations and be connected through communication links. Records about stock-exchange transactions, for example, reside in broker firms and other financial entities […]
Architecture and Hardware

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