An AI-based approach to machine translation in Indian languages
Primarily illustrated as an approach to translate the Indian languages, a focus on AI techniques for building semantic representational structures of sentences is presented.
Practice
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Building bilingual microcomputer systems
In the Arab world the need for bilingual microcomputer systems is ever increasing. In addition to the ability to process the Arabic and English scripts, an ideal system should support the use of existing applications with Arabic data and the access to the system facilities through Arabic interfaces. The Integrated Arabic System (IAS) was developed to study the feasibility of building such systems using existing microcomputers and software solutions.
The Six-Digit Coding Method (SDCM) is a new coding method for Chinese characters. It is based on the structural analysis of Chinese characters. We recently developed this method and have successfully used it to code 11,100 characters, including the simplified, traditional, and variant forms found in Xin Hua Dictionary [7]. This article illustrates the basic principes, features, and some viewpoints concerning the method.
Efficient decoding of prefix codes
A special case of the data compression problem is presented, in which a powerful encoder transmits a coded file to a decoder that has severely constrained memory. A data structure that achieves minimum storage is presented, and alternative methods that sacrifice a small amount of storage to attain faster decoding are described.
Heterogeneity of hardware and software is a fact in most distributed computing environments. The DACNOS prototype is a network operating system that enables resource sharing in such environments. It extends the local operating systems without interfering with existing programs. It provides comprehensive system level support for distributed applications.
Automatically generating visual syntax-directed editors
Since inexpensive computers possessing sophisticated graphics were introduced in the late 1970s, program development research has focused on syntax-directed editors that are based on the grammars of their underlying languages. The system presented here automatically generates object-oriented, syntax-directed editors for visual languages, which are described by a family of editing operations.
Improving a human-computer dialogue
A survey of seventy-seven highly motivated industrial designers and programmers indicates that the identification of specific, potential problems in a human-computer dialogue design is difficult.
N-Fold inspection: a requirements analysis technique
N-fold inspection uses traditional inspections of the user requirements document (URD) but replicates the inspection activities using N independent teams. A pilot study was conducted to explore the usefulness of N-fold inspection during requirements analysis. A comparison of N-fold inspection with other development techniques reveals that N-fold inspection is a cost-effective method for finding faults in the URD and may be a valid technique in the development of mission-critical software systems.
SNA and OSI: three strategies for interconnection
The rise of the Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model (OSI) in the past five years is forcing IBM to rethink its plans for its proprietary network standard Systems Network Architecture (SNA). This article reviews three interconnection strategies to be considered.
Post implementation evaluation of computer-based information systems: current practices
Contrary to the widely-held view that post implementation evaluations are performed to assess and improve the information system and the system development practices, this study suggests that in practice, the primary reason for such evaluations seems to be project closure and not project improvement.
Phoenix: a safe in-memory file system
Phoenix contains two timestamped versions of the in-memory file system allowing for a reserve version that ensures safety for diskless computers with battery-powered memeory.
DATAPLEX: an access to heterogeneous distributed databases
Diverse database management systems are used in large organizations. The heterogeneous distributed database system (DDS) can provide a flexible intergration of diverse databases for users and applications. This is because it allows for retrieval and update of distributed data under different data systems giving the illusion of accessing a single centralized database system.
Two fast implementations of the “minimal standard” random number generator
Although superficially time-consuming, on 32-bit computers the minimal standard random number generator can be implemented with surprising economy.
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