Research and Advances

Description of systems used for data transmission

Task Group X3.3.51 is working to develop proposals for standards relating to the performance of systems used for digital data transmission. It has published two tutorial papers which were submitted by the U.S.A. to the International Organization for Standardization. In the first paper—ISO/TC97/SC6(USA-7)30,2 May, 1964—the general area of system performance was discussed. In the second paper, ISO/TC97/SC6 (USA-11)60,3 March, 1965, discussed in some detail were two characteristics of system performance, namely, Transfer Rate of Information Bits (TRIB) and Residual Error Rate. The present paper, the task group's third tutorial paper, is devoted to “System Description” insofar as that topic relates to system performance. Reported are the results of some 14 discussions that have occurred in about 1 3/4 years (June 1964 through March 1966). Including normal turnover of personnel in the group, some 14 people have been involved in these discussions. At present, the members of the task group are associated with business equipment manufacturers, users groups, and suppliers of communication facilities and services in the proportions 5 to 3 to 1. Other groups have published papers which discuss system description. In April, 1965, a paper from Italy4 was published in which system description was discussed in relation to line control and communication system techniques. In May, 1965, a paper from France5 was published in which system description was discussed in relation to system performance. These papers have been an interesting source of information to X3.3.5. While considering system performance, X3.3.5 concluded that system performance standards cannot be developed and used fully without having an organized way of describing the hardware and conditions to which performance applies. While this may not be quite t

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Research and Advances

Code extension in ASCII

The American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) contains a number of control characters associated with the principle of code extension, that is, with the representation of information which cannot be directly represented by means of the characters in the Code. The manner of use of these characters has not previously been completely described. This paper presents a set of mutually consistent philosophies regarding code extension applications, and suggests a corollary set of doctrines for the application of the code extension characters. Distinctions are drawn between code extension and such other concepts as “graphic substitution” or “syntactic representation” which are often used to meet similar requirements. Also covered are certain topics which are not truly concerned with code extension but which are often linked with it in discussion on code applications. The material in this paper is equally applicable in principle to the (proposed) ISO international 7-bit code for information interchange.
Research and Advances

Conventions for the use of symbols in the preparation of flowcharts for information processing systems

This paper is intended as an outline of the various conventions which are being considered for the use of flowchart symbols in the preparation of all types of flowcharts for information processing systems. The conventions are applied to the use of the symbols appearing in the proposed American Standard Flowchart Symbols for Information Processing Systems. This paper is concerned with the use of the proposed American Standard Flowchart Symbols and not with the symbols per se.
Research and Advances

Transparent-mode control procedures for data communication, using the American standard code for information interchange—a tutorial

This paper gives the considerations of Task Group X3.3.4 in the area of transparent-mode data communication control philosophy. The appearance of this paper was forecast (under the name of “second-level control”) in the earlier tutorial paper, “Control Procedures for Data Communications,” Task Group document X3.3.4.44, dated May 1964. The present paper elaborates upon solutions to the problems of transparency to the basic ASCII communication control characters, as outlined in the previous paper mentioned above. Moreover, it goes on to cover the additional control problems of handling material such as offline encrypted data or non-ASCII codes by means of systems providing complete character transparency. It does not cover concepts of transparency in which the normal character structure or modulation rate of a system may be abandoned. In conjunction with the earlier tutorial paper, this paper is expected to lead to a proposal for standardization of data communication control procedures using the American Standard Code for Information Interchange.

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