Jean E. Sammet
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Programming languages: history and future
This paper discusses both the history and future of programming languages ( = higher level languages). Some of the difficulties in writing such a history are indicated. A key part of the paper is a tree showing the chronological development of languages and their interrelationships. Reasons for the proliferation of languages are given. The major languages are listed with the reasons for their importance. A section on chronology indicates the happenings of the significant previous time periods and the major topics of 1972. Key concepts other than specific languages are discussed.
Survey of formula manipulation
The field of formula manipulation is surveyed, with particular attention to the specific capabilities of differentiation, integration and the supporting capabilities of simplification, displays and input/output editing, and precision arithmetic. General systems—both batch and online—are described. Finally, some programs to solve specific applications are discussed.
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