Research and Advances

Programmed methods for printer graphical output

It is frequently desirable to display the results of computation in a graphical form. This is often done through the use of special hardware such as digital X,Y-plotters. Programmed graphical output for standard printers is preferable in several situations: (1) when economic considerations do not justify the expense of special hardware for the purpose, (2) when a combination of graphical output with some other kind, such as explanatory material, is desired, and (3) when some special variety of graphical output is needed which cannot readily be drawn by an analog device. A number of routines have been prepared (primarily by users rather than manufacturers) to convert numerical data into graphical form for printing by output typewriters or line printers. Virtually nothing on this subject has been published, and this report represents an admittedly incomplete attempt to describe this technique and suggest possibilities for its use.

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Research and Advances

Simulation and analysis of biochemical systems: I. representation of chemical kinetics

In the study of problems in chemical kinetics in ordinary solution, reactions which may be represented by chemical equations of the form3 A + B = C + D (1) are represented kinetically by the differential equations d(C)/dt = d(D/dt = -d(A)/dt = - d(B)/dt = k(A)(B) (2) where (A), (B), (C), ··· , are the concentrations of A, B, C, ··· , and k is the kinetic constant for the reaction (assuming it to be occurring in ordinary solution).

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